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<article class="faq">

  <articleinfo>

    <title>TenDRA - Frequently Asked Questions</title>

    <corpauthor>The TenDRA Project</corpauthor>

    <author>

      <firstname>Jeroen</firstname>

      <surname>Ruigrok van der Werven</surname>

    </author>

    <authorinitials>JRvdW</authorinitials>

    <pubdate>2004</pubdate>

    <copyright>

      <year>2004</year>

      <year>2005</year>

      <holder>The TenDRA Project</holder>

    </copyright>

  </articleinfo>

  <para>First draft of the FAQ.  Lame set-up, no nice colours, and so on.

    Also, the order is based on nothing for now.</para>

  <qandaset defaultlabel="qanda">

    <qandadiv id="tendra-history">

      <title>TenDRA History</title>

      <qandaentry id="what-is-dera">

        <question>

          <para>What is/was QinetiQ/Dstl/DERA/DRA?</para>

        </question>

        <answer>

          <para>According to <ulink

            url="http://www.catalogue.nationalarchives.gov.uk/displaycataloguedetails.asp?CATID=4256&CATLN=3&Highlight=&FullDetails=True#admin">the

            National Archives of the United Kingdom</ulink>:</para> <para>The

            Royal Armament Research and Development Establishment (RARDE) had

            its origins in the Research Department Woolwich, and its Design

            Department which was established in 1922 and was concerned with

            the engineering design and development of weapons.</para>

          <para>At the end of 1942 the Design Department moved to Fort

            Halstead, Kent, followed later by the Research Department. They

            were designated the Armament Design Department and the Armament

            Research Department (ARD) respectively. In 1948 the ARD's name was

            changed to Armament Research Establishment (ARE).</para>

          <para>The two departments were amalgamated in 1955 to form the

            Armament Research and Development Establishment (ARDE), to

            integrate all stages of research, design and development. On 8

            February 1962 the title of Royal Armament Research and Development

            Establishment was granted.</para>

          <para>RARDE moved from MOD (Army) to become part of the new MOD/CER

            (Controllerate of Research and Development Establishments and

            Research) in 1971, its primary concern continuing in the research,

            design and development of conventional armaments for the Royal

            Navy, Army and Royal Air Force, whilst also providing help for the

            Home Office on the hazards of explosives, dangerous chemicals and

            the forensic aspects of explosives.</para>

          <para>During the 1980s RARDE amalgamated with the Military Vehicle

            Engineering Establishment (MVEE), whose main sites were located at

            Chertsey and Christchurch, and the Propellants, Explosives and

            Rocket Motor Establishment which was based at Waltham Abbey and

            Westcott.</para>

          <para>(Further according to <ulink

            url="http://www.catalogue.nationalarchives.gov.uk/displaycataloguedetails.asp?CATID=62012&CATLN=3&Highlight=&FullDetails=True#admin">the

            National Archives of the United Kingdom</ulink>:)  On 1 April 1991

            the Defence Research Agency (DRA) was set up incorporating in one

            organisation the Royal Aerospace Establishment (RAE), the

            Admiralty Research Establishment (ARE), the Royal Armament

            Research and Development Establishment (RARDE), and the Royal

            Signals and Radar Establishment (RSRE). The DRA was established as

            an executive Agency of the Ministry of Defence under the

            Government's Next Steps Initiative.</para>

          <para>The purpose of DRA was to "provide a more efficient research

            organisation within the MoD." (Source: <ulink

            url="http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/cm199899/cmselect/cmdfence/616/61607.htm">United

            Kingdom Parliament's House of Commons' Select Committee on

            Defence's Ninth Report, section 'The Future of DERA' and

            onward</ulink>)</para>

          <para>Having thus brought together its four non-nuclear research

            establishments, MOD then brought together various elements

            concerned with testing and evaluation, creating on 1 April 1992

            the Directorate General of Test and Evaluation. DGT&E, the

            responsibility of the Deputy Under Secretary of State (Defence

            Procurement), was an amalgamation of various range and test

            facilities. These included the Proof and Experimental

            Establishments hitherto under the control of the Master General of

            the Ordnance (MGO), the Armament and Aircraft Experimental

            Establishment (A&AEE) at Boscombe Down (which was already

            under DUS(DP)), DRA Pyestock (previously the National Gas Turbine

            Establishment (NGTE), RAE Propulsion Department from 1983), and

            various ranges that had been incorporated into DRA only a year

            earlier.</para>

          <para>Then on 1 April 1995 a further major amalgamation occurred,

            creating the Defence Evaluation and Research Agency (DERA). DERA

            incorporated DRA and DGT&E, along with the Chemical and

            Biological Defence Establishment (CBDE), the Defence Operational

            Analysis Centre (DOAC), the Centre for Human Sciences (CHS), and

            the British Underwater Test and Evaluation Centre (BUTEC). DERA's

            initial structure comprised four operating divisions: CBDE, DRA,

            CDA (Centre for Defence Analysis), and DTEO (Defence Test and

            Evaluation Organisation).</para>

          <para>In 1998, the Strategic Defence Review recommended a Public

            Private Partnership (PPP) arrangement as the best means of

            maximising the strategic value and operational cost effectiveness

            of the United Kingdom's defence research capabilities.

            Accordingly, during 2000/2001 DERA was split into two

            organisations. The business areas to be retained by MOD were

            grouped as R-DERA (i.e. Retained), while those considered

            appropriate for operation in a fully commercial environment became

            New-DERA.</para>

          <para>New-DERA was re-structured to facilitate involvement by the

            private sector and, comprising the greater part of DERA, was

            re-created as the

            <ulink url="http://www.qinetiq.co.uk/">QinetiQ Group</ulink>, a

            wholly government-owned UK plc, in July 2001.  R-DERA was

            meanwhile re-named as the

            <ulink url="http://www.dstl.gov.uk/">Defence Science and

            Technology Laboratory (Dstl)</ulink> and continued as an MOD

            agency, handling certain areas of research which it had been

            decided should remain within the public sector.</para>

        </answer>

      </qandaentry>

      <qandaentry id="what-is-ten15">

        <question>

          <para>What is Ten15?</para>

        </question>

        <answer>

          <para>We will fill this out soon.</para>

          <para>See <ulink url="http://www.mca-ltd.com/martin/Ten15/">

            An Introduction to Ten15 - A personal retrospective</ulink> in the

            meantime</para>

        </answer>

      </qandaentry>

    </qandadiv>

    <qandadiv id="generic-questions">

      <title>Generic</title>

      <qandaentry id="what-are-andf-and-tdf">

        <question>

          <para>What are ANDF and TDF?</para>

        </question>

        <answer>

          <para>TDF is an Architecture Neutral Distribution Format (ANDF).  It

            is similar to a machine-independent intermediate representation in a

            compiler.  The idea is that software vendors can sell a single

            shrink-wrapped ANDF version (made by a `producer', similar to a

            compiler front-end) of their stuff and anyone with an ANDF

            `installer' (back end) on their machine can buy it and run it.  It

            is a bit like UNCOL in the breadth of its aims but seems to actually

            work.</para>

          <para>Only a subset of TDF was chosen by the OSF for its ANDF. This

            subset is sufficient for ANSI C, but TDF as a whole was designed to

            support (at least) FORTRAN, COBOL, C++, Ada, ML, and LISP

            also.</para>

        </answer>

      </qandaentry>

      <qandaentry id="documents-papers-about-tendra">

        <question>

          <para>Which documents and papers exist for/about TenDRA and

            ANDF?</para>

        </question>

        <answer>

          <itemizedlist>

            <listitem>

              <para>TDF Specification</para>

            </listitem>

            <listitem>

              <para>TDF Facts and Figures</para>

            </listitem>

            <listitem>

              <para>TDF and portability</para>

            </listitem>

            <listitem>

              <para>Introductory Guide to TDF</para>

            </listitem>

          </itemizedlist>

        </answer>

      </qandaentry>

    </qandadiv>

    <qandadiv id="compilation-issues">

      <title>Compilation issues</title>

      <qandaentry id="cplusplus-compilation-support">

        <question>

          <para>I try to compile the following simple C++ program:

            <programlisting>

              #include <iostream.h>

              int main()

              {

                      cout << "hello world\n";

                      return (0);

              }

            </programlisting>

            and the compiler is giving me errors.</para>

        </question>

        <answer>

          <para>This release only contains the bare minimum language support

            library, not the fully standard C++ library.  See the C++ producer

            documentation for more details.</para>

        </answer>

      </qandaentry>

    </qandadiv>

  </qandaset>

  <para>This document was generated on

    <?dbtimestamp format="Y-m-d H:M"?>.</para>

</article>