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<title>Setting up a Unix lpr filter for Ghostscript</title>
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<!-- $Id: Unix-lpr.htm,v 1.39 2005/10/20 19:46:23 ray Exp $ -->
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<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="gs.css" title="Ghostscript Style">
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<!-- [1.1 begin headline] ================================================== -->
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<h1>Setting up a Unix <tt>lpr</tt> filter for Ghostscript</h1>
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<!-- [1.2 begin table of contents] ========================================= -->
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<h2>Table of contents</h2>
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<blockquote><ul>
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<li><a href="#Overview">Overview</a>
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<li><a href="#What_it_can_do">What it can do</a>
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<li><a href="#Setting_up">Setting it up</a>
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<ul>
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<li><a href="#Editing_device_list">Editing the device list <b><tt>DEVICES</tt></b></a>
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<ul>
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<li><a href="#Field_bpp">Field 1: bits per pixel</a>
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<li><a href="#Field_colours">Field 2: colours</a>
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<li><a href="#Field_dq">Field 3: dual queues</a>
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<li><a href="#Device_example">Example definition of <b><tt>DEVICES</tt></b></a>
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</ul>
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<li><a href="#Editing_filter_list">Editing the filter list</a>
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<li><a href="#Editing_printer_port">Editing the printer port and type</a>
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<li><a href="#Modifying_printcap_insert">Modifying <b><tt>printcap.insert</tt></b></a>
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<li><a href="#Multiple_queues">Single or dual queues</a>
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</ul>
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<li><a href="#Bugs">Bugs</a>
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<li><a href="#Authors">Authors</a>
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</ul></blockquote>
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<!-- [1.3 begin hint] ====================================================== -->
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<p>For other information, see the <a href="Readme.htm">Ghostscript
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overview</a> and the <a href="Use.htm">usage documentation</a>.
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<hr>
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<!-- [1.0 end visible header] ============================================== -->
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<!-- [2.0 begin contents] ================================================== -->
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<h2><a name="Overview"></a>Overview</h2>
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<p>
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"How do I set up Ghostscript to provide PostScript queues in a standard lpr
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environment on Unix systems?" is a Frequently Asked Question amongst
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Ghostscript users. The two shell scripts described by this document are
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designed to make this task a little easier. They are
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<blockquote><dl>
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<dt><b><tt>unix-lpr.sh</tt></b>
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<dd>a flexible, multi-option print filter
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<dt><b><tt>lprsetup.sh</tt></b>
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<dd>A shell script which sets up soft links and creates a template insert
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for the <b><tt>printcap</tt></b> file
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</dl></blockquote>
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<hr>
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<h2><a name="What_it_can_do"></a>What it can do</h2>
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<p>
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The print filter resides in the Ghostscript installation directory (often
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<b><tt>/usr/local/share/ghostscript</tt></b>, but may be something else at
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your installation), together with a dummy filter directory containing
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various soft links which point to the filter. It offers the following
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features:
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<ul>
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<li>Multiple devices supported by a single filter
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<li>Multiple bit-depths for the same device
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<li>Multiple number of colours for the same device
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<li>Direct (single-queue) and indirect (two-queue) setup
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<li>Support for the standard preprocessing filters if you have the
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corresponding (whatever)-to-PostScript translators
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<li>Redirection of diagnostic and programmed output to a logfile in
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the spooling directory
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<li>Maintaining of printer accounting records of the numbers of pages
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printed by each user (compatible with the <b><tt>pac</tt></b> command)
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<li>Straightforward editing for further customisation
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</ul>
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<hr>
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<h2><a name="Setting_up"></a>Setting it up</h2>
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<p>
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The <b><tt>lprsetup.sh</tt></b> script needs to have two lines edited
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before running, to set the printer devices to use and the list of filters
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available. With this information, it
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<ul>
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<li>creates a "<b><tt>filt</tt></b>" subdirectory under the
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Ghostscript installation directory
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<li>creates the links in this directory which enable the filter to
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determine the parameters for running Ghostscript
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<li>automatically generates <b><tt>printcap</tt></b> entries which should
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need only a little editing before adding to your system
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<b><tt>printcap</tt></b> file
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</ul>
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<h3><a name="Editing_device_list"></a>Editing the device list <tt>DEVICES</tt></h3>
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<p>
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At the top of <b><tt>lprsetup.sh</tt></b> is a line of the form
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<b><tt>DEVICES=</tt></b><em>{list}</em>. Replace the example list with
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your own list of devices. Each entry is the name of a device, followed by
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three more optional fields, separated by dots "<b><tt>.</tt></b>".
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<h4><a name="Field_bpp"></a>Field 1: bits per pixel</h4>
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<p>
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The first field is required only if the printer device understands the <a
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href="Devices.htm#deskjet_parameters"><b><tt>-dBitsPerPixel=</tt></b>
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switch</a>, which applies only to colour devices. For a particular number
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<b><em>N</em></b> of bits per pixel, add the suffix <b><em>.N</em></b> to
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the device name, for instance <b><tt>cdj500.3</tt></b>,
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<b><tt>cdj500.24</tt></b>, etc.
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<h4><a name="Field_colours"></a>Field 2: colours</h4>
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<p>
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The second field is required only if the printer device understands the
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setting of the <b><tt>Colors</tt></b> device parameter (as in
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<b><tt>-dColors=</tt></b>), which applies only to colour devices (and at
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present is only supported by the <b><tt>bjc</tt></b>* family of drivers).
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For a particular number <b><em>N</em></b> of colours, suffix
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<b><em>.N</em></b> to the device name, such as <b><tt>bjc600.24.3</tt></b>,
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<b><tt>bjc600.8.1</tt></b> etc.
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<h4><a name="Field_dq"></a>Field 3: dual queues</h4>
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<p>
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The third field is required in order to use two separate queues for the
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device, a "raw" queue and a PostScript queue (see
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"<a href="#Multiple_queues">Single or dual queues</a>" below). If you want
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dual queues, add the suffix <b><tt>.dq</tt></b> ("dual queue") to the name,
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whether or not a <a href="#Field_bpp">bits-per-pixel suffix</a> has already
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been added.
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<h4><a name="Device_example"></a>Example definition of
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<tt>DEVICES</tt></h4>
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<p>
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Thus the following list supports a <b><tt>cdj550</tt></b> device at three
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different bit depths (24 bpp, 3 bpp and 1 bpp), with a dual queue (that is,
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a separate queue for the raw data); a monochrome <b><tt>deskjet</tt></b>
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device with a single queue; and a <b><tt>djet500</tt></b> device using a
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separate queue:
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<blockquote><b><tt>
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DEVICES="cdj550.24.dq cdj550.3.dq cdj550.1.dq deskjet djet500.dq"
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</tt></b></blockquote>
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<h3><a name="Editing_filter_list"></a>Editing the filter list</h3>
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<p>
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The standard list contains only the generic "<b><tt>if</tt></b>" filter,
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but a commented-out list shows other filters which may be available. If
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you wish to use the support for these filters, you may need to edit the
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<b><tt>bsd-if</tt></b> file to add to the <b><tt>PATH</tt></b> the
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directories where the translators are stored, or to change the names of the
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filters if yours are different. The <b><tt>bsd-if</tt></b> script is
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supplied with an example setup using Transcript (a commercial package from
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Adobe), and PBMPLUS, a freeware package by Jef Poskanzer and others.
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<h3><a name="Editing_printer_port"></a>Editing the printer port and
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type</h3>
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<p>
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You can set the port and port type (parallel or printer) for an attached
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printer, but for remote printers you'll have to modify the
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<tt>printcap.insert</tt> file yourself.
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<h3><a name="Modifying_printcap_insert"></a>Modifying
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<tt>printcap.insert</tt></h3>
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<p>
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Running <b><tt>lprsetup.sh</tt></b> generates a file
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<b><tt>printcap.insert</tt></b> which has a template setup for your
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printer queues. It cannot guarantee to do the whole job, and you will
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probably need to consult your system documentation and edit this file
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before you add it to your <b><tt>printcap</tt></b> file. The file has good
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defaults for serial printers, as these often cause problems in getting
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binary data to the printer. However, you may need to change the baud rate,
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or the handshaking method. Only a small change is required in the
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<b><tt>printcap</tt></b> file to use a networked remote printer instead of
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an attached printer, and an example is given in
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<b><tt>printcap.insert</tt></b>.
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<h3><a name="Multiple_queues"></a>Single or dual queues</h3>
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<p>
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If you wish to provide a PostScript-only queue (for example, so that all
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pages printed go through accounting), and the printer port is local to the
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host machine, a single queue is appropriate -- Ghostscript simply converts
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PostScript into the printer's native data format and sends it to the
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port. But if the printer is on a remote networked machine, or if you need to
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send raw printer data to the printer, you must use two queues. Simply
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specify the <a href="#Field_dq">"<b><tt>.dq</tt></b>" option</a> above.
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<hr>
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<h2><a name="Bugs"></a>Bugs</h2>
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<p>
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You must have write access to the Ghostscript installation directory for
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<b><tt>lprsetup.sh</tt></b> to create the filter directory and soft links.
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<p>
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If you have several different values of bits per pixel for the same device,
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you must list all instances of that device as adjacent items in the
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<a href="#Editing_device_list"><b><tt>DEVICES</tt></b></a> device
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list. If you do not, <b><tt>printcap.insert</tt></b> will contain multiple
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entries for the same device, which is not supported.
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<hr>
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<h2><a name="Authors"></a>Authors</h2>
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<p>
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This material was contributed by George Cameron. Yves Arrouye
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<<a href="mailto:yves.arrouye@usa.net">yves.arrouye@usa.net</a>>
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is responsible for the number-of-colours part of the script.
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<!-- [2.0 end contents] ==================================================== -->
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<!-- [3.0 begin visible trailer] =========================================== -->
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<hr>
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<p>
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<small>Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998 Aladdin Enterprises. All
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rights reserved.</small>
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<p>
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This software is provided AS-IS with no warranty, either express or
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implied.
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This software is distributed under license and may not be copied,
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modified or distributed except as expressly authorized under the terms
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of the license contained in the file LICENSE in this distribution.
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For more information about licensing, please refer to
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http://www.ghostscript.com/licensing/. For information on
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commercial licensing, go to http://www.artifex.com/licensing/ or
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contact Artifex Software, Inc., 101 Lucas Valley Road #110,
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San Rafael, CA 94903, U.S.A., +1(415)492-9861.
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<p>
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<small>Ghostscript version 8.53, 20 October 2005
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<!-- [3.0 end visible trailer] ============================================= -->
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</body>
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</html>
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