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/*

 * dial - connect to a service (parallel version)

 */

#include <u.h>

#include <libc.h>

#include <ctype.h>

typedef struct Conn Conn;

typedef struct Dest Dest;

typedef struct DS DS;

enum

{

	Maxstring	= 128,

	Maxpath		= 256,

	Maxcsreply	= 64*80,	/* this is probably overly generous */

	/*

	 * this should be a plausible slight overestimate for non-interactive

	 * use even if it's ridiculously long for interactive use.

	 */

	Maxconnms	= 2*60*1000,	/* 2 minutes */

};

struct DS {

	/* dist string */

	char	buf[Maxstring];

	char	*netdir;		/* e.g., /net.alt */

	char	*proto;			/* e.g., tcp */

	char	*rem;			/* e.g., host!service */

	/* other args */

	char	*local;

	char	*dir;

	int	*cfdp;

};

/*

 * malloc these; they need to be writable by this proc & all children.

 * the stack is private to each proc, and static allocation in the data

 * segment would not permit concurrent dials within a multi-process program.

 */

struct Conn {

	int	pid;

	int	dead;

	int	dfd;

	int	cfd;

	char	dir[NETPATHLEN+1];

	char	err[ERRMAX];

};

struct Dest {

	Conn	*conn;			/* allocated array */

	Conn	*connend;

	int	nkid;

	long	oalarm;

	int	naddrs;

	QLock	winlck;

	int	winner;			/* index into conn[] */

	char	*nextaddr;

	char	addrlist[Maxcsreply];

};

static int	call(char*, char*, DS*, Dest*, Conn*);

static int	csdial(DS*);

static void	_dial_string_parse(char*, DS*);

/*

 *  the dialstring is of the form '[/net/]proto!dest'

 */

static int

dialimpl(char *dest, char *local, char *dir, int *cfdp)

{

	DS ds;

	int rv;

	char err[ERRMAX], alterr[ERRMAX];

	ds.local = local;

	ds.dir = dir;

	ds.cfdp = cfdp;

	_dial_string_parse(dest, &ds);

	if(ds.netdir)

		return csdial(&ds);

	ds.netdir = "/net";

	rv = csdial(&ds);

	if(rv >= 0)

		return rv;

	err[0] = '\0';

	errstr(err, sizeof err);

	if(strstr(err, "refused") != 0){

		werrstr("%s", err);

		return rv;

	}

	ds.netdir = "/net.alt";

	rv = csdial(&ds);

	if(rv >= 0)

		return rv;

	alterr[0] = 0;

	errstr(alterr, sizeof alterr);

	if(strstr(alterr, "translate") || strstr(alterr, "does not exist"))

		werrstr("%s", err);

	else

		werrstr("%s", alterr);

	return rv;

}

/*

 * the thread library can't cope with rfork(RFMEM|RFPROC),

 * so it must override this with a private version of dial.

 */

int (*_dial)(char *, char *, char *, int *) = dialimpl;

int

dial(char *dest, char *local, char *dir, int *cfdp)

{

	return (*_dial)(dest, local, dir, cfdp);

}

static int

connsalloc(Dest *dp, int addrs)

{

	Conn *conn;

	free(dp->conn);

	dp->connend = nil;

	assert(addrs > 0);

	dp->conn = mallocz(addrs * sizeof *dp->conn, 1);

	if(dp->conn == nil)

		return -1;

	dp->connend = dp->conn + addrs;

	for(conn = dp->conn; conn < dp->connend; conn++)

		conn->cfd = conn->dfd = -1;

	return 0;

}

static void

freedest(Dest *dp)

{

	long oalarm;

	if (dp == nil)

		return;

	oalarm = dp->oalarm;

	free(dp->conn);

	free(dp);

	if (oalarm >= 0)

		alarm(oalarm);

}

static void

closeopenfd(int *fdp)

{

	if (*fdp >= 0) {

		close(*fdp);

		*fdp = -1;

	}

}

static void

notedeath(Dest *dp, char *exitsts)

{

	int i, n, pid;

	char *fields[5];			/* pid + 3 times + error */

	Conn *conn;

	for (i = 0; i < nelem(fields); i++)

		fields[i] = "";

	n = tokenize(exitsts, fields, nelem(fields));

	if (n < 4)

		return;

	pid = atoi(fields[0]);

	if (pid <= 0)

		return;

	for (conn = dp->conn; conn < dp->connend; conn++)

		if (conn->pid == pid && !conn->dead) {  /* it's one we know? */

			if (conn - dp->conn != dp->winner) {

				closeopenfd(&conn->dfd);

				closeopenfd(&conn->cfd);

			}

			strncpy(conn->err, fields[4], sizeof conn->err - 1);

			conn->err[sizeof conn->err - 1] = '\0';

			conn->dead = 1;

			return;

		}

	/* not a proc that we forked */

}

static int

outstandingprocs(Dest *dp)

{

	Conn *conn;

	for (conn = dp->conn; conn < dp->connend; conn++)

		if (!conn->dead)

			return 1;

	return 0;

}

static int

reap(Dest *dp)

{

	char exitsts[2*ERRMAX];

	if (outstandingprocs(dp) && await(exitsts, sizeof exitsts) >= 0) {

		notedeath(dp, exitsts);

		return 0;

	}

	return -1;

}

static int

fillinds(DS *ds, Dest *dp)

{

	Conn *conn;

	if (dp->winner < 0)

		return -1;

	conn = &dp->conn[dp->winner];

	if (ds->cfdp)

		*ds->cfdp = conn->cfd;

	if (ds->dir) {

		strncpy(ds->dir, conn->dir, NETPATHLEN);

		ds->dir[NETPATHLEN-1] = '\0';

	}

	return conn->dfd;

}

static int

connectwait(Dest *dp, char *besterr)

{

	Conn *conn;

	/* wait for a winner or all attempts to time out */

	while (dp->winner < 0 && reap(dp) >= 0)

		;

	/* kill all of our still-live kids & reap them */

	for (conn = dp->conn; conn < dp->connend; conn++)

		if (!conn->dead)

			postnote(PNPROC, conn->pid, "alarm");

	while (reap(dp) >= 0)

		;

	/* rummage about and report some error string */

	for (conn = dp->conn; conn < dp->connend; conn++)

		if (conn - dp->conn != dp->winner && conn->dead &&

		    conn->err[0]) {

			strncpy(besterr, conn->err, ERRMAX-1);

			conn->err[ERRMAX-1] = '\0';

			break;

		}

	return dp->winner;

}

static int

parsecs(Dest *dp, char **clonep, char **destp)

{

	char *dest, *p;

	dest = strchr(dp->nextaddr, ' ');

	if(dest == nil)

		return -1;

	*dest++ = '\0';

	p = strchr(dest, '\n');

	if(p == nil)

		return -1;

	*p++ = '\0';

	*clonep = dp->nextaddr;

	*destp = dest;

	dp->nextaddr = p;		/* advance to next line */

	return 0;

}

static void

pickuperr(char *besterr, char *err)

{

	err[0] = '\0';

	errstr(err, ERRMAX);

	if(strstr(err, "does not exist") == 0)

		strcpy(besterr, err);

}

static int

catcher(void *, char *s)

{

	return strstr(s, "alarm") != nil;

}

/*

 * try all addresses in parallel and take the first one that answers;

 * this helps when systems have ip v4 and v6 addresses but are

 * only reachable from here on one (or some) of them.

 */

static int

dialmulti(DS *ds, Dest *dp)

{

	int rv, kid, kidme;

	char *clone, *dest;

	char err[ERRMAX], besterr[ERRMAX];

	dp->winner = -1;

	dp->nkid = 0;

	while(dp->winner < 0 && *dp->nextaddr != '\0' &&

	    parsecs(dp, &clone, &dest) >= 0) {

		kidme = dp->nkid++;		/* make private copy on stack */

		kid = rfork(RFPROC|RFMEM);	/* spin off a call attempt */

		if (kid < 0)

			--dp->nkid;

		else if (kid == 0) {

			/* only in kid, to avoid atnotify callbacks in parent */

			atnotify(catcher, 1);

			*besterr = '\0';

			rv = call(clone, dest, ds, dp, &dp->conn[kidme]);

			if(rv < 0)

				pickuperr(besterr, err);

			_exits(besterr);	/* avoid atexit callbacks */

		}

	}

	rv = connectwait(dp, besterr);

	if(rv < 0 && *besterr)

		werrstr("%s", besterr);

	else

		werrstr("%s", err);

	return rv;

}

static int

csdial(DS *ds)

{

	int n, fd, rv, addrs, bleft;

	char c;

	char *addrp, *clone2, *dest;

	char buf[Maxstring], clone[Maxpath], err[ERRMAX], besterr[ERRMAX];

	Dest *dp;

	dp = mallocz(sizeof *dp, 1);

	if(dp == nil)

		return -1;

	dp->winner = -1;

	dp->oalarm = alarm(0);

	if (connsalloc(dp, 1) < 0) {		/* room for a single conn. */

		freedest(dp);

		return -1;

	}

	/*

	 *  open connection server

	 */

	snprint(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s/cs", ds->netdir);

	fd = open(buf, ORDWR);

	if(fd < 0){

		/* no connection server, don't translate */

		snprint(clone, sizeof(clone), "%s/%s/clone", ds->netdir, ds->proto);

		rv = call(clone, ds->rem, ds, dp, &dp->conn[0]);

		fillinds(ds, dp);

		freedest(dp);

		return rv;

	}

	/*

	 *  ask connection server to translate

	 */

	snprint(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s!%s", ds->proto, ds->rem);

	if(write(fd, buf, strlen(buf)) < 0){

		close(fd);

		freedest(dp);

		return -1;

	}

	/*

	 *  read all addresses from the connection server.

	 */

	seek(fd, 0, 0);

	addrs = 0;

	addrp = dp->nextaddr = dp->addrlist;

	bleft = sizeof dp->addrlist - 2;	/* 2 is room for \n\0 */

	while(bleft > 0 && (n = read(fd, addrp, bleft)) > 0) {

		if (addrp[n-1] != '\n')

			addrp[n++] = '\n';

		addrs++;

		addrp += n;

		bleft -= n;

	}

	/*

	 * if we haven't read all of cs's output, assume the last line might

	 * have been truncated and ignore it.  we really don't expect this

	 * to happen.

	 */

	if (addrs > 0 && bleft <= 0 && read(fd, &c, 1) == 1)

		addrs--;

	close(fd);

	*besterr = 0;

	rv = -1;				/* pessimistic default */

	dp->naddrs = addrs;

	if (addrs == 0)

		werrstr("no address to dial");

	else if (addrs == 1) {

		/* common case: dial one address without forking */

		if (parsecs(dp, &clone2, &dest) >= 0 &&

		    (rv = call(clone2, dest, ds, dp, &dp->conn[0])) < 0) {

			pickuperr(besterr, err);

			werrstr("%s", besterr);

		}

	} else if (connsalloc(dp, addrs) >= 0)

		rv = dialmulti(ds, dp);

	/* fill in results */

	if (rv >= 0 && dp->winner >= 0)

		rv = fillinds(ds, dp);

	freedest(dp);

	return rv;

}

static int

call(char *clone, char *dest, DS *ds, Dest *dp, Conn *conn)

{

	int fd, cfd, n, calleralarm, oalarm;

	char cname[Maxpath], name[Maxpath], data[Maxpath], *p;

	/* because cs is in a different name space, replace the mount point */

	if(*clone == '/'){

		p = strchr(clone+1, '/');

		if(p == nil)

			p = clone;

		else 

			p++;

	} else

		p = clone;

	snprint(cname, sizeof cname, "%s/%s", ds->netdir, p);

	conn->pid = getpid();

	conn->cfd = cfd = open(cname, ORDWR);

	if(cfd < 0)

		return -1;

	/* get directory name */

	n = read(cfd, name, sizeof(name)-1);

	if(n < 0){

		closeopenfd(&conn->cfd);

		return -1;

	}

	name[n] = 0;

	for(p = name; *p == ' '; p++)

		;

	snprint(name, sizeof(name), "%ld", strtoul(p, 0, 0));

	p = strrchr(cname, '/');

	*p = 0;

	if(ds->dir)

		snprint(conn->dir, NETPATHLEN, "%s/%s", cname, name);

	snprint(data, sizeof(data), "%s/%s/data", cname, name);

	/* should be no alarm pending now; re-instate caller's alarm, if any */

	calleralarm = dp->oalarm > 0;

	if (calleralarm)

		alarm(dp->oalarm);

	else if (dp->naddrs > 1)	/* in a sub-process? */

		alarm(Maxconnms);

	/* connect */

	if(ds->local)

		snprint(name, sizeof(name), "connect %s %s", dest, ds->local);

	else

		snprint(name, sizeof(name), "connect %s", dest);

	if(write(cfd, name, strlen(name)) < 0){

		closeopenfd(&conn->cfd);

		return -1;

	}

	oalarm = alarm(0);	/* don't let alarm interrupt critical section */

	if (calleralarm)

		dp->oalarm = oalarm;	/* time has passed, so update user's */

	/* open data connection */

	conn->dfd = fd = open(data, ORDWR);

	if(fd < 0){

		closeopenfd(&conn->cfd);

		alarm(dp->oalarm);

		return -1;

	}

	if(ds->cfdp == nil)

		closeopenfd(&conn->cfd);

	n = conn - dp->conn;

	if (dp->winner < 0) {

		qlock(&dp->winlck);

		if (dp->winner < 0 && conn < dp->connend)

			dp->winner = n;

		qunlock(&dp->winlck);

	}

	alarm(calleralarm? dp->oalarm: 0);

	return fd;

}

/*

 * assume p points at first '!' in dial string.  st is start of dial string.

 * there could be subdirs of the conn dirs (e.g., ssh/0) that must count as

 * part of the proto string, so skip numeric components.

 * returns pointer to delimiter after right-most non-numeric component.

 */

static char *

backoverchans(char *st, char *p)

{

	char *sl;

	for (sl = p; --p >= st && isascii(*p) && isdigit(*p); sl = p) {

		while (--p >= st && isascii(*p) && isdigit(*p))

			;

		if (p < st || *p != '/')

			break;			/* "net.alt2" or ran off start */

		while (p > st && p[-1] == '/')	/* skip runs of slashes */

			p--;

	}

	return sl;

}

/*

 *  parse a dial string

 */

static void

_dial_string_parse(char *str, DS *ds)

{

	char *p, *p2;

	strncpy(ds->buf, str, Maxstring);

	ds->buf[Maxstring-1] = 0;

	p = strchr(ds->buf, '!');

	if(p == 0) {

		ds->netdir = 0;

		ds->proto = "net";

		ds->rem = ds->buf;

	} else {

		if(*ds->buf != '/' && *ds->buf != '#'){

			ds->netdir = 0;

			ds->proto = ds->buf;

		} else {

			p2 = backoverchans(ds->buf, p);

			/* back over last component of netdir (proto) */

			while (--p2 > ds->buf && *p2 != '/')

				;

			*p2++ = 0;

			ds->netdir = ds->buf;

			ds->proto = p2;

		}

		*p = 0;

		ds->rem = p + 1;

	}

}