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/* xxd: my hexdump facility. jw

 *

 *  2.10.90 changed to word output

 *  3.03.93 new indent style, dumb bug inserted and fixed.

 *	    -c option, mls

 * 26.04.94 better option parser, -ps, -l, -s added.

 *  1.07.94 -r badly needs - as input file.  Per default autoskip over

 *	       consecutive lines of zeroes, as unix od does.

 *	    -a shows them too.

 *	    -i dump as c-style #include "file.h"

 *  1.11.95 if "xxd -i" knows the filename, an 'unsigned char filename_bits[]'

 *	    array is written in correct c-syntax.

 *	    -s improved, now defaults to absolute seek, relative requires a '+'.

 *	    -r improved, now -r -s -0x... is supported.

 *	       change/suppress leading '\0' bytes.

 *	    -l n improved: stops exactly after n bytes.

 *	    -r improved, better handling of partial lines with trailing garbage.

 *	    -r improved, now -r -p works again!

 *	    -r improved, less flushing, much faster now! (that was silly)

 *  3.04.96 Per repeated request of a single person: autoskip defaults to off.

 * 15.05.96 -v added. They want to know the version.

 *	    -a fixed, to show last line inf file ends in all zeros.

 *	    -u added: Print upper case hex-letters, as preferred by unix bc.

 *	    -h added to usage message. Usage message extended.

 *	    Now using outfile if specified even in normal mode, aehem.

 *	    No longer mixing of ints and longs. May help doze people.

 *	    Added binify ioctl for same reason. (Enough Doze stress for 1996!)

 * 16.05.96 -p improved, removed occasional superfluous linefeed.

 * 20.05.96 -l 0 fixed. tried to read anyway.

 * 21.05.96 -i fixed. now honours -u, and prepends __ to numeric filenames.

 *	    compile -DWIN32 for NT or W95. George V. Reilly, * -v improved :-)

 *	    support --gnuish-longhorn-options

 * 25.05.96 MAC support added: CodeWarrior already uses ``outline'' in Types.h

 *	    which is included by MacHeaders (Axel Kielhorn). Renamed to

 *	    xxdline().

 *  7.06.96 -i printed 'int' instead of 'char'. *blush*

 *	    added Bram's OS2 ifdefs...

 * 18.07.96 gcc -Wall @ SunOS4 is now slient.

 *	    Added osver for MSDOS/DJGPP/WIN32.

 * 29.08.96 Added size_t to strncmp() for Amiga.

 * 24.03.97 Windows NT support (Phil Hanna). Clean exit for Amiga WB (Bram)

 * 02.04.97 Added -E option, to have EBCDIC translation instead of ASCII

 *	    (azc10@yahoo.com)

 * 22.05.97 added -g (group octets) option (jcook@namerica.kla.com).

 * 23.09.98 nasty -p -r misfeature fixed: slightly wrong output, when -c was

 *	    missing or wrong.

 * 26.09.98 Fixed: 'xxd -i infile outfile' did not truncate outfile.

 * 27.10.98 Fixed: -g option parser required blank.

 *	    option -b added: 01000101 binary output in normal format.

 * 16.05.00 Added VAXC changes by Stephen P. Wall

 * 16.05.00 Improved MMS file and merge for VMS by Zoltan Arpadffy

 *

 * (c) 1990-1998 by Juergen Weigert (jnweiger@informatik.uni-erlangen.de)

 *

 * Small changes made afterwards by Bram Moolenaar et al.

 *

 * Distribute freely and credit me,

 * make money and share with me,

 * lose money and don't ask me.

 */

/* Visual Studio 2005 has 'deprecated' many of the standard CRT functions */

#if _MSC_VER >= 1400

# define _CRT_SECURE_NO_DEPRECATE

# define _CRT_NONSTDC_NO_DEPRECATE

#endif

#include <stdio.h>

#ifdef VAXC

# include <file.h>

#else

# include <fcntl.h>

#endif

#ifdef __TSC__

# define MSDOS

#endif

#if !defined(OS2) && defined(__EMX__)

# define OS2

#endif

#if defined(MSDOS) || defined(WIN32) || defined(OS2) || defined(__BORLANDC__)

# include <io.h>	/* for setmode() */

#else

# ifdef UNIX

#  include <unistd.h>

# endif

#endif

#include <stdlib.h>

#include <string.h>	/* for strncmp() */

#include <ctype.h>	/* for isalnum() */

#if __MWERKS__ && !defined(BEBOX)

# include <unix.h>	/* for fdopen() on MAC */

#endif

#if defined(__BORLANDC__) && __BORLANDC__ <= 0x0410 && !defined(fileno)

/* Missing define and prototype grabbed from the BC 4.0 <stdio.h> */

# define fileno(f)       ((f)->fd)

FILE   _FAR *_Cdecl _FARFUNC fdopen(int __handle, char _FAR *__type);

#endif

/*  This corrects the problem of missing prototypes for certain functions

 *  in some GNU installations (e.g. SunOS 4.1.x).

 *  Darren Hiebert <darren@hmi.com> (sparc-sun-sunos4.1.3_U1/2.7.2.2)

 */

#if defined(__GNUC__) && defined(__STDC__)

# ifndef __USE_FIXED_PROTOTYPES__

#  define __USE_FIXED_PROTOTYPES__

# endif

#endif

#ifndef __USE_FIXED_PROTOTYPES__

/*

 * This is historic and works only if the compiler really has no prototypes:

 *

 * Include prototypes for Sun OS 4.x, when using an ANSI compiler.

 * FILE is defined on OS 4.x, not on 5.x (Solaris).

 * if __SVR4 is defined (some Solaris versions), don't include this.

 */

#if defined(sun) && defined(FILE) && !defined(__SVR4) && defined(__STDC__)

#  define __P(a) a

/* excerpt from my sun_stdlib.h */

extern int fprintf __P((FILE *, char *, ...));

extern int fputs   __P((char *, FILE *));

extern int _flsbuf __P((unsigned char, FILE *));

extern int _filbuf __P((FILE *));

extern int fflush  __P((FILE *));

extern int fclose  __P((FILE *));

extern int fseek   __P((FILE *, long, int));

extern int rewind  __P((FILE *));

extern void perror __P((char *));

# endif

#endif

extern long int strtol();

extern long int ftell();

char version[] = "xxd V1.10 27oct98 by Juergen Weigert";

#ifdef WIN32

char osver[] = " (Win32)";

#else

# ifdef DJGPP

char osver[] = " (dos 32 bit)";

# else

#  ifdef MSDOS

char osver[] = " (dos 16 bit)";

#  else

char osver[] = "";

#  endif

# endif

#endif

#if !defined(CYGWIN) && (defined(CYGWIN32) || defined(__CYGWIN__) || defined(__CYGWIN32__))

# define CYGWIN

#endif

#if defined(MSDOS) || defined(WIN32) || defined(OS2)

# define BIN_READ(yes)  ((yes) ? "rb" : "rt")

# define BIN_WRITE(yes) ((yes) ? "wb" : "wt")

# define BIN_CREAT(yes) ((yes) ? (O_CREAT|O_BINARY) : O_CREAT)

# define BIN_ASSIGN(fp, yes) setmode(fileno(fp), (yes) ? O_BINARY : O_TEXT)

# define PATH_SEP '\\'

#elif defined(CYGWIN)

# define BIN_READ(yes)  ((yes) ? "rb" : "rt")

# define BIN_WRITE(yes) ((yes) ? "wb" : "w")

# define BIN_CREAT(yes) ((yes) ? (O_CREAT|O_BINARY) : O_CREAT)

# define BIN_ASSIGN(fp, yes) ((yes) ? (void) setmode(fileno(fp), O_BINARY) : (void) (fp))

# define PATH_SEP '/'

#else

# ifdef VMS

#  define BIN_READ(dummy)  "r"

#  define BIN_WRITE(dummy) "w"

#  define BIN_CREAT(dummy) O_CREAT

#  define BIN_ASSIGN(fp, dummy) fp

#  define PATH_SEP ']'

#  define FILE_SEP '.'

# else

#  define BIN_READ(dummy)  "r"

#  define BIN_WRITE(dummy) "w"

#  define BIN_CREAT(dummy) O_CREAT

#  define BIN_ASSIGN(fp, dummy) fp

#  define PATH_SEP '/'

# endif

#endif

/* open has only to arguments on the Mac */

#if __MWERKS__

# define OPEN(name, mode, umask) open(name, mode)

#else

# define OPEN(name, mode, umask) open(name, mode, umask)

#endif

#ifdef AMIGA

# define STRNCMP(s1, s2, l) strncmp(s1, s2, (size_t)l)

#else

# define STRNCMP(s1, s2, l) strncmp(s1, s2, l)

#endif

#ifndef __P

# if defined(__STDC__) || defined(MSDOS) || defined(WIN32) || defined(OS2) \

		|| defined(__BORLANDC__)

#  define __P(a) a

# else

#  define __P(a) ()

# endif

#endif

/* Let's collect some prototypes */

/* CodeWarrior is really picky about missing prototypes */

static void exit_with_usage __P((char *));

static int huntype __P((FILE *, FILE *, FILE *, char *, int, int, long));

static void xxdline __P((FILE *, char *, int));

#define TRY_SEEK	/* attempt to use lseek, or skip forward by reading */

#define COLS 256	/* change here, if you ever need more columns */

#define LLEN (9 + (5*COLS-1)/2 + 2 + COLS)

char hexxa[] = "0123456789abcdef0123456789ABCDEF", *hexx = hexxa;

/* the different hextypes known by this program: */

#define HEX_NORMAL 0

#define HEX_POSTSCRIPT 1

#define HEX_CINCLUDE 2

#define HEX_BITS 3		/* not hex a dump, but bits: 01111001 */

static void

exit_with_usage(pname)

char *pname;

{

  fprintf(stderr, "Usage:\n       %s [options] [infile [outfile]]\n", pname);

  fprintf(stderr, "    or\n       %s -r [-s [-]offset] [-c cols] [-ps] [infile [outfile]]\n", pname);

  fprintf(stderr, "Options:\n");

  fprintf(stderr, "    -a          toggle autoskip: A single '*' replaces nul-lines. Default off.\n");

  fprintf(stderr, "    -b          binary digit dump (incompatible with -p,-i,-r). Default hex.\n");

  fprintf(stderr, "    -c cols     format <cols> octets per line. Default 16 (-i: 12, -ps: 30).\n");

  fprintf(stderr, "    -E          show characters in EBCDIC. Default ASCII.\n");

  fprintf(stderr, "    -g          number of octets per group in normal output. Default 2.\n");

  fprintf(stderr, "    -h          print this summary.\n");

  fprintf(stderr, "    -i          output in C include file style.\n");

  fprintf(stderr, "    -l len      stop after <len> octets.\n");

  fprintf(stderr, "    -ps         output in postscript plain hexdump style.\n");

  fprintf(stderr, "    -r          reverse operation: convert (or patch) hexdump into binary.\n");

  fprintf(stderr, "    -r -s off   revert with <off> added to file positions found in hexdump.\n");

  fprintf(stderr, "    -s %sseek  start at <seek> bytes abs. %sinfile offset.\n",

#ifdef TRY_SEEK

	  "[+][-]", "(or +: rel.) ");

#else

	  "", "");

#endif

  fprintf(stderr, "    -u          use upper case hex letters.\n");

  fprintf(stderr, "    -v          show version: \"%s%s\".\n", version, osver);

  exit(1);

}

/*

 * Max. cols binary characters are decoded from the input stream per line.

 * Two adjacent garbage characters after evaluated data delimit valid data.

 * Everything up to the next newline is discarded.

 *

 * The name is historic and came from 'undo type opt h'.

 */

static int

huntype(fpi, fpo, fperr, pname, cols, hextype, base_off)

FILE *fpi, *fpo, *fperr;

char *pname;

int cols, hextype;

long base_off;

{

  int c, ign_garb = 1, n1 = -1, n2 = 0, n3, p = cols;

  long have_off = 0, want_off = 0;

  rewind(fpi);

  while ((c = getc(fpi)) != EOF)

    {

      if (c == '\r')	/* Doze style input file? */

	continue;

#if 0	/* this doesn't work when there is normal text after the hex codes in

	   the last line that looks like hex */

      if (c == ' ' || c == '\n' || c == '\t')  /* allow multiple spaces */

	continue;

#endif

      n3 = n2;

      n2 = n1;

      if (c >= '0' && c <= '9')

	n1 = c - '0';

      else if (c >= 'a' && c <= 'f')

	n1 = c - 'a' + 10;

      else if (c >= 'A' && c <= 'F')

	n1 = c - 'A' + 10;

      else

	{

	  n1 = -1;

	  if (ign_garb)

	    continue;

	}

      ign_garb = 0;

      if (p >= cols)

	{

	  if (!hextype)

	    {

	      if (n1 < 0)

		{

		  p = 0;

		  continue;

		}

	      want_off = (want_off << 4) | n1;

	      continue;

	    }

	  else

	    p = 0;

	}

      if (base_off + want_off != have_off)

	{

	  fflush(fpo);

#ifdef TRY_SEEK

	  c = fseek(fpo, base_off + want_off - have_off, 1);

	  if (c >= 0)

	    have_off = base_off + want_off;

#endif

	  if (base_off + want_off < have_off)

	    {

	      fprintf(fperr, "%s: sorry, cannot seek backwards.\n", pname);

	      return 5;

	    }

	  for (; have_off < base_off + want_off; have_off++)

	    putc(0, fpo);

	}

      if (n2 >= 0 && n1 >= 0)

	{

	  putc((n2 << 4) | n1, fpo);

	  have_off++;

	  want_off++;

	  n1 = -1;

	  if ((++p >= cols) && !hextype)

	    {

	      /* skip rest of line as garbage */

	      want_off = 0;

	      while ((c = getc(fpi)) != '\n' && c != EOF)

		;

	      ign_garb = 1;

	    }

	}

      else if (n1 < 0 && n2 < 0 && n3 < 0)

	{

	  /* already stumbled into garbage, skip line, wait and see */

	  if (!hextype)

	    want_off = 0;

	  while ((c = getc(fpi)) != '\n' && c != EOF)

	    ;

	  ign_garb = 1;

	}

    }

  fflush(fpo);

#ifdef TRY_SEEK

  fseek(fpo, 0L, 2);

#endif

  fclose(fpo);

  fclose(fpi);

  return 0;

}

/*

 * Print line l. If nz is false, xxdline regards the line a line of

 * zeroes. If there are three or more consecutive lines of zeroes,

 * they are replaced by a single '*' character.

 *

 * If the output ends with more than two lines of zeroes, you

 * should call xxdline again with l being the last line and nz

 * negative. This ensures that the last line is shown even when

 * it is all zeroes.

 *

 * If nz is always positive, lines are never suppressed.

 */

static void

xxdline(fp, l, nz)

FILE *fp;

char *l;

int nz;

{

  static char z[LLEN+1];

  static int zero_seen = 0;

  if (!nz && zero_seen == 1)

    strcpy(z, l);

  if (nz || !zero_seen++)

    {

      if (nz)

	{

	  if (nz < 0)

	    zero_seen--;

	  if (zero_seen == 2)

	    fputs(z, fp);

	  if (zero_seen > 2)

	    fputs("*\n", fp);

	}

      if (nz >= 0 || zero_seen > 0)

	fputs(l, fp);

      if (nz)

	zero_seen = 0;

    }

}

/* This is an EBCDIC to ASCII conversion table */

/* from a proposed BTL standard April 16, 1979 */

static unsigned char etoa64[] =

{

    0040,0240,0241,0242,0243,0244,0245,0246,

    0247,0250,0325,0056,0074,0050,0053,0174,

    0046,0251,0252,0253,0254,0255,0256,0257,

    0260,0261,0041,0044,0052,0051,0073,0176,

    0055,0057,0262,0263,0264,0265,0266,0267,

    0270,0271,0313,0054,0045,0137,0076,0077,

    0272,0273,0274,0275,0276,0277,0300,0301,

    0302,0140,0072,0043,0100,0047,0075,0042,

    0303,0141,0142,0143,0144,0145,0146,0147,

    0150,0151,0304,0305,0306,0307,0310,0311,

    0312,0152,0153,0154,0155,0156,0157,0160,

    0161,0162,0136,0314,0315,0316,0317,0320,

    0321,0345,0163,0164,0165,0166,0167,0170,

    0171,0172,0322,0323,0324,0133,0326,0327,

    0330,0331,0332,0333,0334,0335,0336,0337,

    0340,0341,0342,0343,0344,0135,0346,0347,

    0173,0101,0102,0103,0104,0105,0106,0107,

    0110,0111,0350,0351,0352,0353,0354,0355,

    0175,0112,0113,0114,0115,0116,0117,0120,

    0121,0122,0356,0357,0360,0361,0362,0363,

    0134,0237,0123,0124,0125,0126,0127,0130,

    0131,0132,0364,0365,0366,0367,0370,0371,

    0060,0061,0062,0063,0064,0065,0066,0067,

    0070,0071,0372,0373,0374,0375,0376,0377

};

int

main(argc, argv)

int argc;

char *argv[];

{

  FILE *fp, *fpo;

  int c, e, p = 0, relseek = 1, negseek = 0, revert = 0;

  int cols = 0, nonzero = 0, autoskip = 0, hextype = HEX_NORMAL;

  int ebcdic = 0;

  int octspergrp = -1;	/* number of octets grouped in output */

  int grplen;		/* total chars per octet group */

  long length = -1, n = 0, seekoff = 0;

  char l[LLEN+1];

  char *pname, *pp;

#ifdef AMIGA

  /* This program doesn't work when started from the Workbench */

  if (argc == 0)

    exit(1);

#endif

  pname = argv[0];

  for (pp = pname; *pp; )

    if (*pp++ == PATH_SEP)

      pname = pp;

#ifdef FILE_SEP

  for (pp = pname; *pp; pp++)

    if (*pp == FILE_SEP)

      {

	*pp = '\0';

	break;

      }

#endif

  while (argc >= 2)

    {

      pp = argv[1] + (!STRNCMP(argv[1], "--", 2) && argv[1][2]);

	   if (!STRNCMP(pp, "-a", 2)) autoskip = 1 - autoskip;

      else if (!STRNCMP(pp, "-b", 2)) hextype = HEX_BITS;

      else if (!STRNCMP(pp, "-u", 2)) hexx = hexxa + 16;

      else if (!STRNCMP(pp, "-p", 2)) hextype = HEX_POSTSCRIPT;

      else if (!STRNCMP(pp, "-i", 2)) hextype = HEX_CINCLUDE;

      else if (!STRNCMP(pp, "-r", 2)) revert++;

      else if (!STRNCMP(pp, "-E", 2)) ebcdic++;

      else if (!STRNCMP(pp, "-v", 2))

	{

	  fprintf(stderr, "%s%s\n", version, osver);

	  exit(0);

	}

      else if (!STRNCMP(pp, "-c", 2))

	{

	  if (pp[2] && STRNCMP("ols", pp + 2, 3))

	    cols = (int)strtol(pp + 2, NULL, 0);

	  else

	    {

	      if (!argv[2])

		exit_with_usage(pname);

	      cols = (int)strtol(argv[2], NULL, 0);

	      argv++;

	      argc--;

	    }

	}

      else if (!STRNCMP(pp, "-g", 2))

	{

	  if (pp[2] && STRNCMP("group", pp + 2, 5))

	    octspergrp = (int)strtol(pp + 2, NULL, 0);

	  else

	    {

	      if (!argv[2])

		exit_with_usage(pname);

	      octspergrp = (int)strtol(argv[2], NULL, 0);

	      argv++;

	      argc--;

	    }

	}

      else if (!STRNCMP(pp, "-s", 2))

	{

	  relseek = 0;

	  negseek = 0;

	  if (pp[2] && STRNCMP("kip", pp+2, 3) && STRNCMP("eek", pp+2, 3))

	    {

#ifdef TRY_SEEK

	      if (pp[2] == '+')

		relseek++;

	      if (pp[2+relseek] == '-')

		negseek++;

#endif

	      seekoff = strtol(pp + 2+relseek+negseek, (char **)NULL, 0);

	    }

	  else

	    {

	      if (!argv[2])

		exit_with_usage(pname);

#ifdef TRY_SEEK

	      if (argv[2][0] == '+')

		relseek++;

	      if (argv[2][relseek] == '-')

		negseek++;

#endif

	      seekoff = strtol(argv[2] + relseek+negseek, (char **)NULL, 0);

	      argv++;

	      argc--;

	    }

	}

      else if (!STRNCMP(pp, "-l", 2))

	{

	  if (pp[2] && STRNCMP("en", pp + 2, 2))

	    length = strtol(pp + 2, (char **)NULL, 0);

	  else

	    {

	      if (!argv[2])

		exit_with_usage(pname);

	      length = strtol(argv[2], (char **)NULL, 0);

	      argv++;

	      argc--;

	    }

	}

      else if (!strcmp(pp, "--"))	/* end of options */

	{

	  argv++;

	  argc--;

	  break;

	}

      else if (pp[0] == '-' && pp[1])	/* unknown option */

	exit_with_usage(pname);

      else

	break;				/* not an option */

      argv++;				/* advance to next argument */

      argc--;

    }

  if (!cols)

    switch (hextype)

      {

      case HEX_POSTSCRIPT:	cols = 30; break;

      case HEX_CINCLUDE:	cols = 12; break;

      case HEX_BITS:		cols = 6; break;

      case HEX_NORMAL:

      default:			cols = 16; break;

      }

  if (octspergrp < 0)

    switch (hextype)

      {

      case HEX_BITS:		octspergrp = 1; break;

      case HEX_NORMAL:		octspergrp = 2; break;

      case HEX_POSTSCRIPT:

      case HEX_CINCLUDE:

      default:			octspergrp = 0; break;

      }

  if (cols < 1 || (!hextype && (cols > COLS)))

    {

      fprintf(stderr, "%s: invalid number of columns (max. %d).\n", pname, COLS);

      exit(1);

    }

  if (octspergrp < 1)

    octspergrp = cols;

  if (argc > 3)

    exit_with_usage(pname);

  if (argc == 1 || (argv[1][0] == '-' && !argv[1][1]))

    BIN_ASSIGN(fp = stdin, !revert);

  else

    {

      if ((fp = fopen(argv[1], BIN_READ(!revert))) == NULL)

	{

	  fprintf(stderr,"%s: ", pname);

	  perror(argv[1]);

	  return 2;

	}

    }

  if (argc < 3 || (argv[2][0] == '-' && !argv[2][1]))

    BIN_ASSIGN(fpo = stdout, revert);

  else

    {

      int fd;

      int mode = revert ? O_WRONLY : (O_TRUNC|O_WRONLY);

      if (((fd = OPEN(argv[2], mode | BIN_CREAT(revert), 0666)) < 0) ||

	  (fpo = fdopen(fd, BIN_WRITE(revert))) == NULL)

	{

	  fprintf(stderr, "%s: ", pname);

	  perror(argv[2]);

	  return 3;

	}

      rewind(fpo);

    }

  if (revert)

    {

      if (hextype && (hextype != HEX_POSTSCRIPT))

	{

	  fprintf(stderr, "%s: sorry, cannot revert this type of hexdump\n", pname);

	  return -1;

	}

      return huntype(fp, fpo, stderr, pname, cols, hextype,

		negseek ? -seekoff : seekoff);

    }

  if (seekoff || negseek || !relseek)

    {

#ifdef TRY_SEEK

      if (relseek)

	e = fseek(fp, negseek ? -seekoff : seekoff, 1);

      else

	e = fseek(fp, negseek ? -seekoff : seekoff, negseek ? 2 : 0);

      if (e < 0 && negseek)

	{

	  fprintf(stderr, "%s: sorry cannot seek.\n", pname);

	  return 4;

	}

      if (e >= 0)

	seekoff = ftell(fp);

      else

#endif

	{

	  long s = seekoff;

	  while (s--)

	    (void)getc(fp);

	}

    }

  if (hextype == HEX_CINCLUDE)

    {

      if (fp != stdin)

	{

	  fprintf(fpo, "unsigned char %s", isdigit((int)argv[1][0]) ? "__" : "");

	  for (e = 0; (c = argv[1][e]) != 0; e++)

	    putc(isalnum(c) ? c : '_', fpo);

	  fputs("[] = {\n", fpo);

	}

      p = 0;

      while ((length < 0 || p < length) && (c = getc(fp)) != EOF)

	{

	  fprintf(fpo, (hexx == hexxa) ? "%s0x%02x" : "%s0X%02X",

	    (p % cols) ? ", " : ",\n  "+2*!p,  c);

	  p++;

	}

      if (p)

	fputs("\n};\n"+3*(fp == stdin), fpo);

      if (fp != stdin)

	{

	  fprintf(fpo, "unsigned int %s", isdigit((int)argv[1][0]) ? "__" : "");

	  for (e = 0; (c = argv[1][e]) != 0; e++)

	    putc(isalnum(c) ? c : '_', fpo);

	  fprintf(fpo, "_len = %d;\n", p);

	}

      fclose(fp);

      fclose(fpo);

      return 0;

    }

  if (hextype == HEX_POSTSCRIPT)

    {

      p = cols;

      while ((length < 0 || n < length) && (e = getc(fp)) != EOF)

	{

	  putchar(hexx[(e >> 4) & 0xf]);

	  putchar(hexx[(e     ) & 0xf]);

	  n++;

	  if (!--p)

	    {

	      putchar('\n');

	      p = cols;

	    }

	}

      if (p < cols)

	putchar('\n');

      fclose(fp);

      fclose(fpo);

      return 0;

    }

  /* hextype: HEX_NORMAL or HEX_BITS */

  if (hextype == HEX_NORMAL)

    grplen = octspergrp + octspergrp + 1;	/* chars per octet group */

  else	/* hextype == HEX_BITS */

    grplen = 8 * octspergrp + 1;

  while ((length < 0 || n < length) && (e = getc(fp)) != EOF)

    {

      if (p == 0)

	{

	  sprintf(l, "%07lx: ", n + seekoff);

	  for (c = 9; c < LLEN; l[c++] = ' ');

	}

      if (hextype == HEX_NORMAL)

	{

	  l[c = (9 + (grplen * p) / octspergrp)] = hexx[(e >> 4) & 0xf];

	  l[++c]			       = hexx[ e       & 0xf];

	}

      else /* hextype == HEX_BITS */

	{

	  int i;

	  c = (9 + (grplen * p) / octspergrp) - 1;

	  for (i = 7; i >= 0; i--)

	    l[++c] = (e & (1 << i)) ? '1' : '0';

	}

      if (ebcdic)

	e = (e < 64) ? '.' : etoa64[e-64];

      l[11 + (grplen * cols - 1)/octspergrp + p] =

#ifdef __MVS__

	  (e >= 64)

#else

	  (e > 31 && e < 127)

#endif

	  ? e : '.';

      if (e)

	nonzero++;

      n++;

      if (++p == cols)

	{

	  l[c = (11 + (grplen * cols - 1)/octspergrp + p)] = '\n'; l[++c] = '\0';

	  xxdline(fpo, l, autoskip ? nonzero : 1);

	  nonzero = 0;

	  p = 0;

	}

    }

  if (p)

    {

      l[c = (11 + (grplen * cols - 1)/octspergrp + p)] = '\n'; l[++c] = '\0';

      xxdline(fpo, l, 1);

    }

  else if (autoskip)

    xxdline(fpo, l, -1);	/* last chance to flush out suppressed lines */

  fclose(fp);

  fclose(fpo);

  return 0;

}